Minor

D Natural Minor Scale on Piano

D natural minor is the relative minor of F major and uses a single flat, Bb. It has a long reputation in Western music as the most serious and melancholy of the common keys — Mozart even used it for his Requiem.

Notes of the D Minor Scale

DegreeNoteInterval from root
1DRoot
2EMajor 2nd
3FMinor 3rd
4GPerfect 4th
5APerfect 5th
6BbMinor 6th
7CMinor 7th
8DOctave
FormulaW-H-W-W-H-W-WW · H · W · W · H · W · W

Lowering B to Bb gives the natural minor step pattern when starting from D.

D Minor on the Staff

One octave ascending in treble clef with the key signature of D minor (1 flat: Bb).

Fingering

Right hand
  1. 1D
  2. 2E
  3. 3F
  4. 1G
  5. 2A
  6. 3Bb
  7. 4C
  8. 5D
Left hand
  1. 5D
  2. 4E
  3. 3F
  4. 2G
  5. 1A
  6. 3Bb
  7. 2C
  8. 1D

Numbers indicate fingers: 1 = thumb, 2 = index, 3 = middle, 4 = ring, 5 = little. Both rows are shown in ascending order (low note to high note). Note the left hand starts on the pinky (5) at the lowest note and crosses the middle finger over the thumb to continue upward — that is why the left-hand numbers count down before cycling again.

Diatonic Chords in D Minor

The seven triads built on each scale degree — the harmonic backbone of any piece written in this key.

iD minor
ii°E diminished
IIIF major
ivG minor
vA minor
VIBb major
VIIC major

Where You Hear This Scale

D minor has been called "the saddest of all keys" at least since Nigel Tufnel said so in Spinal Tap, but the association is older: Mozart, Bach, and Beethoven all wrote some of their darkest works here. The single flat sits comfortably under the fourth finger going up in the right hand, making it one of the friendlier minor scales to practice.

Train Your Ear to Recognize This Scale

Put what you learned into practice with Fortepian's free scale identification exercise. Hear a scale and identify it — 9 progressive levels, from major and minor to modes, pentatonic, blues, and exotic scales. No signup needed.

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