Minor

A Harmonic Minor Scale on Piano

A harmonic minor raises the seventh degree of natural minor by a half step, creating a distinctive one-and-a-half-step gap between the sixth and seventh. That gap gives the scale its exotic, Middle-Eastern flavor while strengthening the pull from V to i in minor-key harmony.

Notes of the A Harmonic Minor Scale

DegreeNoteInterval from root
1ARoot
2BMajor 2nd
3CMinor 3rd
4DPerfect 4th
5EPerfect 5th
6FMinor 6th
7G#Major 7th
8AOctave
FormulaW-H-W-W-H-W½-HW · H · W · W · H · W½ · H

The same as natural minor except the 7th is raised, producing an augmented second between scale degrees 6 and 7.

A Harmonic Minor on the Staff

One octave ascending in bass clef with the key signature of A minor (no sharps, no flats).

Fingering

Same fingering as A natural minor — the raised 7th (G#) is still a white-to-black move in the same hand position.

Right hand
  1. 1A
  2. 2B
  3. 3C
  4. 1D
  5. 2E
  6. 3F
  7. 4G#
  8. 5A
Left hand
  1. 5A
  2. 4B
  3. 3C
  4. 2D
  5. 1E
  6. 3F
  7. 2G#
  8. 1A

Numbers indicate fingers: 1 = thumb, 2 = index, 3 = middle, 4 = ring, 5 = little. Both rows are shown in ascending order (low note to high note). Note the left hand starts on the pinky (5) at the lowest note and crosses the middle finger over the thumb to continue upward — that is why the left-hand numbers count down before cycling again.

Diatonic Chords in A Harmonic Minor

The seven triads built on each scale degree — the harmonic backbone of any piece written in this key.

iA minor
ii°B diminished
III+C augmented
ivD minor
VE major
VIF major
vii°G# diminished

Where You Hear This Scale

Classical composers use harmonic minor whenever they want a powerful dominant-to-tonic cadence in a minor key — the raised 7th creates a real leading tone. You will also hear it in flamenco, klezmer, metal lead lines, and film scores reaching for something dramatic or Eastern. The augmented second between F and G# is the sound to listen for.

Train Your Ear to Recognize This Scale

Put what you learned into practice with Fortepian's free scale identification exercise. Hear a scale and identify it — 9 progressive levels, from major and minor to modes, pentatonic, blues, and exotic scales. No signup needed.

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